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1Installation Instructions
2*************************
3
4Copyright (C) 1994-1996, 1999-2002, 2004-2011 Free Software Foundation,
5Inc.
6
7 Copying and distribution of this file, with or without modification,
8are permitted in any medium without royalty provided the copyright
9notice and this notice are preserved. This file is offered as-is,
10without warranty of any kind.
11
1Basic Installation 12Basic Installation
2================== 13==================
3 14
4 These are generic installation instructions. 15 Briefly, the shell commands `./configure; make; make install' should
16configure, build, and install this package. The following
17more-detailed instructions are generic; see the `README' file for
18instructions specific to this package. Some packages provide this
19`INSTALL' file but do not implement all of the features documented
20below. The lack of an optional feature in a given package is not
21necessarily a bug. More recommendations for GNU packages can be found
22in *note Makefile Conventions: (standards)Makefile Conventions.
5 23
6 The `configure' shell script attempts to guess correct values for 24 The `configure' shell script attempts to guess correct values for
7various system-dependent variables used during compilation. It uses 25various system-dependent variables used during compilation. It uses
8those values to create a `Makefile' in each directory of the package. 26those values to create a `Makefile' in each directory of the package.
9It may also create one or more `.h' files containing system-dependent 27It may also create one or more `.h' files containing system-dependent
10definitions. Finally, it creates a shell script `config.status' that 28definitions. Finally, it creates a shell script `config.status' that
11you can run in the future to recreate the current configuration, a file 29you can run in the future to recreate the current configuration, and a
12`config.cache' that saves the results of its tests to speed up 30file `config.log' containing compiler output (useful mainly for
13reconfiguring, and a file `config.log' containing compiler output 31debugging `configure').
14(useful mainly for debugging `configure'). 32
33 It can also use an optional file (typically called `config.cache'
34and enabled with `--cache-file=config.cache' or simply `-C') that saves
35the results of its tests to speed up reconfiguring. Caching is
36disabled by default to prevent problems with accidental use of stale
37cache files.
15 38
16 If you need to do unusual things to compile the package, please try 39 If you need to do unusual things to compile the package, please try
17to figure out how `configure' could check whether to do them, and mail 40to figure out how `configure' could check whether to do them, and mail
18diffs or instructions to the address given in the `README' so they can 41diffs or instructions to the address given in the `README' so they can
19be considered for the next release. If at some point `config.cache' 42be considered for the next release. If you are using the cache, and at
20contains results you don't want to keep, you may remove or edit it. 43some point `config.cache' contains results you don't want to keep, you
44may remove or edit it.
21 45
22 The file `configure.in' is used to create `configure' by a program 46 The file `configure.ac' (or `configure.in') is used to create
23called `autoconf'. You only need `configure.in' if you want to change 47`configure' by a program called `autoconf'. You need `configure.ac' if
24it or regenerate `configure' using a newer version of `autoconf'. 48you want to change it or regenerate `configure' using a newer version
49of `autoconf'.
25 50
26The simplest way to compile this package is: 51 The simplest way to compile this package is:
27 52
28 1. `cd' to the directory containing the package's source code and type 53 1. `cd' to the directory containing the package's source code and type
29 `./configure' to configure the package for your system. If you're 54 `./configure' to configure the package for your system.
30 using `csh' on an old version of System V, you might need to type
31 `sh ./configure' instead to prevent `csh' from trying to execute
32 `configure' itself.
33 55
34 Running `configure' takes awhile. While running, it prints some 56 Running `configure' might take a while. While running, it prints
35 messages telling which features it is checking for. 57 some messages telling which features it is checking for.
36 58
37 2. Type `make' to compile the package. 59 2. Type `make' to compile the package.
38 60
39 3. Optionally, type `make check' to run any self-tests that come with 61 3. Optionally, type `make check' to run any self-tests that come with
40 the package. 62 the package, generally using the just-built uninstalled binaries.
41 63
42 4. Type `make install' to install the programs and any data files and 64 4. Type `make install' to install the programs and any data files and
43 documentation. 65 documentation. When installing into a prefix owned by root, it is
66 recommended that the package be configured and built as a regular
67 user, and only the `make install' phase executed with root
68 privileges.
44 69
70 5. Optionally, type `make installcheck' to repeat any self-tests, but
71 this time using the binaries in their final installed location.
72 This target does not install anything. Running this target as a
73 regular user, particularly if the prior `make install' required
74 root privileges, verifies that the installation completed
75 correctly.
76
45 5. You can remove the program binaries and object files from the 77 6. You can remove the program binaries and object files from the
46 source code directory by typing `make clean'. To also remove the 78 source code directory by typing `make clean'. To also remove the
47 files that `configure' created (so you can compile the package for 79 files that `configure' created (so you can compile the package for
48 a different kind of computer), type `make distclean'. There is 80 a different kind of computer), type `make distclean'. There is
49 also a `make maintainer-clean' target, but that is intended mainly 81 also a `make maintainer-clean' target, but that is intended mainly
50 for the package's developers. If you use it, you may have to get 82 for the package's developers. If you use it, you may have to get
51 all sorts of other programs in order to regenerate files that came 83 all sorts of other programs in order to regenerate files that came
52 with the distribution. 84 with the distribution.
53 85
86 7. Often, you can also type `make uninstall' to remove the installed
87 files again. In practice, not all packages have tested that
88 uninstallation works correctly, even though it is required by the
89 GNU Coding Standards.
90
91 8. Some packages, particularly those that use Automake, provide `make
92 distcheck', which can by used by developers to test that all other
93 targets like `make install' and `make uninstall' work correctly.
94 This target is generally not run by end users.
95
54Compilers and Options 96Compilers and Options
55===================== 97=====================
56 98
57 Some systems require unusual options for compilation or linking that 99 Some systems require unusual options for compilation or linking that
58the `configure' script does not know about. You can give `configure' 100the `configure' script does not know about. Run `./configure --help'
59initial values for variables by setting them in the environment. Using 101for details on some of the pertinent environment variables.
60a Bourne-compatible shell, you can do that on the command line like
61this:
62 CC=c89 CFLAGS=-O2 LIBS=-lposix ./configure
63 102
64Or on systems that have the `env' program, you can do it like this: 103 You can give `configure' initial values for configuration parameters
65 env CPPFLAGS=-I/usr/local/include LDFLAGS=-s ./configure 104by setting variables in the command line or in the environment. Here
105is an example:
106
107 ./configure CC=c99 CFLAGS=-g LIBS=-lposix
108
109 *Note Defining Variables::, for more details.
66 110
67Compiling For Multiple Architectures 111Compiling For Multiple Architectures
68==================================== 112====================================
69 113
70 You can compile the package for more than one kind of computer at the 114 You can compile the package for more than one kind of computer at the
71same time, by placing the object files for each architecture in their 115same time, by placing the object files for each architecture in their
72own directory. To do this, you must use a version of `make' that 116own directory. To do this, you can use GNU `make'. `cd' to the
73supports the `VPATH' variable, such as GNU `make'. `cd' to the
74directory where you want the object files and executables to go and run 117directory where you want the object files and executables to go and run
75the `configure' script. `configure' automatically checks for the 118the `configure' script. `configure' automatically checks for the
76source code in the directory that `configure' is in and in `..'. 119source code in the directory that `configure' is in and in `..'. This
120is known as a "VPATH" build.
77 121
78 If you have to use a `make' that does not supports the `VPATH' 122 With a non-GNU `make', it is safer to compile the package for one
79variable, you have to compile the package for one architecture at a time 123architecture at a time in the source code directory. After you have
80in the source code directory. After you have installed the package for 124installed the package for one architecture, use `make distclean' before
81one architecture, use `make distclean' before reconfiguring for another 125reconfiguring for another architecture.
82architecture. 126
127 On MacOS X 10.5 and later systems, you can create libraries and
128executables that work on multiple system types--known as "fat" or
129"universal" binaries--by specifying multiple `-arch' options to the
130compiler but only a single `-arch' option to the preprocessor. Like
131this:
132
133 ./configure CC="gcc -arch i386 -arch x86_64 -arch ppc -arch ppc64" \
134 CXX="g++ -arch i386 -arch x86_64 -arch ppc -arch ppc64" \
135 CPP="gcc -E" CXXCPP="g++ -E"
136
137 This is not guaranteed to produce working output in all cases, you
138may have to build one architecture at a time and combine the results
139using the `lipo' tool if you have problems.
83 140
84Installation Names 141Installation Names
85================== 142==================
86 143
87 By default, `make install' will install the package's files in 144 By default, `make install' installs the package's commands under
88`/usr/local/bin', `/usr/local/man', etc. You can specify an 145`/usr/local/bin', include files under `/usr/local/include', etc. You
89installation prefix other than `/usr/local' by giving `configure' the 146can specify an installation prefix other than `/usr/local' by giving
90option `--prefix=PATH'. 147`configure' the option `--prefix=PREFIX', where PREFIX must be an
148absolute file name.
91 149
92 You can specify separate installation prefixes for 150 You can specify separate installation prefixes for
93architecture-specific files and architecture-independent files. If you 151architecture-specific files and architecture-independent files. If you
94give `configure' the option `--exec-prefix=PATH', the package will use 152pass the option `--exec-prefix=PREFIX' to `configure', the package uses
95PATH as the prefix for installing programs and libraries. 153PREFIX as the prefix for installing programs and libraries.
96Documentation and other data files will still use the regular prefix. 154Documentation and other data files still use the regular prefix.
97 155
98 In addition, if you use an unusual directory layout you can give 156 In addition, if you use an unusual directory layout you can give
99options like `--bindir=PATH' to specify different values for particular 157options like `--bindir=DIR' to specify different values for particular
100kinds of files. Run `configure --help' for a list of the directories 158kinds of files. Run `configure --help' for a list of the directories
101you can set and what kinds of files go in them. 159you can set and what kinds of files go in them. In general, the
160default for these options is expressed in terms of `${prefix}', so that
161specifying just `--prefix' will affect all of the other directory
162specifications that were not explicitly provided.
163
164 The most portable way to affect installation locations is to pass the
165correct locations to `configure'; however, many packages provide one or
166both of the following shortcuts of passing variable assignments to the
167`make install' command line to change installation locations without
168having to reconfigure or recompile.
169
170 The first method involves providing an override variable for each
171affected directory. For example, `make install
172prefix=/alternate/directory' will choose an alternate location for all
173directory configuration variables that were expressed in terms of
174`${prefix}'. Any directories that were specified during `configure',
175but not in terms of `${prefix}', must each be overridden at install
176time for the entire installation to be relocated. The approach of
177makefile variable overrides for each directory variable is required by
178the GNU Coding Standards, and ideally causes no recompilation.
179However, some platforms have known limitations with the semantics of
180shared libraries that end up requiring recompilation when using this
181method, particularly noticeable in packages that use GNU Libtool.
182
183 The second method involves providing the `DESTDIR' variable. For
184example, `make install DESTDIR=/alternate/directory' will prepend
185`/alternate/directory' before all installation names. The approach of
186`DESTDIR' overrides is not required by the GNU Coding Standards, and
187does not work on platforms that have drive letters. On the other hand,
188it does better at avoiding recompilation issues, and works well even
189when some directory options were not specified in terms of `${prefix}'
190at `configure' time.
191
192Optional Features
193=================
102 194
103 If the package supports it, you can cause programs to be installed 195 If the package supports it, you can cause programs to be installed
104with an extra prefix or suffix on their names by giving `configure' the 196with an extra prefix or suffix on their names by giving `configure' the
105option `--program-prefix=PREFIX' or `--program-suffix=SUFFIX'. 197option `--program-prefix=PREFIX' or `--program-suffix=SUFFIX'.
106
107Optional Features
108=================
109 198
110 Some packages pay attention to `--enable-FEATURE' options to 199 Some packages pay attention to `--enable-FEATURE' options to
111`configure', where FEATURE indicates an optional part of the package. 200`configure', where FEATURE indicates an optional part of the package.
112They may also pay attention to `--with-PACKAGE' options, where PACKAGE 201They may also pay attention to `--with-PACKAGE' options, where PACKAGE
113is something like `gnu-as' or `x' (for the X Window System). The 202is something like `gnu-as' or `x' (for the X Window System). The
117 For packages that use the X Window System, `configure' can usually 206 For packages that use the X Window System, `configure' can usually
118find the X include and library files automatically, but if it doesn't, 207find the X include and library files automatically, but if it doesn't,
119you can use the `configure' options `--x-includes=DIR' and 208you can use the `configure' options `--x-includes=DIR' and
120`--x-libraries=DIR' to specify their locations. 209`--x-libraries=DIR' to specify their locations.
121 210
211 Some packages offer the ability to configure how verbose the
212execution of `make' will be. For these packages, running `./configure
213--enable-silent-rules' sets the default to minimal output, which can be
214overridden with `make V=1'; while running `./configure
215--disable-silent-rules' sets the default to verbose, which can be
216overridden with `make V=0'.
217
218Particular systems
219==================
220
221 On HP-UX, the default C compiler is not ANSI C compatible. If GNU
222CC is not installed, it is recommended to use the following options in
223order to use an ANSI C compiler:
224
225 ./configure CC="cc -Ae -D_XOPEN_SOURCE=500"
226
227and if that doesn't work, install pre-built binaries of GCC for HP-UX.
228
229 HP-UX `make' updates targets which have the same time stamps as
230their prerequisites, which makes it generally unusable when shipped
231generated files such as `configure' are involved. Use GNU `make'
232instead.
233
234 On OSF/1 a.k.a. Tru64, some versions of the default C compiler cannot
235parse its `<wchar.h>' header file. The option `-nodtk' can be used as
236a workaround. If GNU CC is not installed, it is therefore recommended
237to try
238
239 ./configure CC="cc"
240
241and if that doesn't work, try
242
243 ./configure CC="cc -nodtk"
244
245 On Solaris, don't put `/usr/ucb' early in your `PATH'. This
246directory contains several dysfunctional programs; working variants of
247these programs are available in `/usr/bin'. So, if you need `/usr/ucb'
248in your `PATH', put it _after_ `/usr/bin'.
249
250 On Haiku, software installed for all users goes in `/boot/common',
251not `/usr/local'. It is recommended to use the following options:
252
253 ./configure --prefix=/boot/common
254
122Specifying the System Type 255Specifying the System Type
123========================== 256==========================
124 257
125 There may be some features `configure' can not figure out 258 There may be some features `configure' cannot figure out
126automatically, but needs to determine by the type of host the package 259automatically, but needs to determine by the type of machine the package
127will run on. Usually `configure' can figure that out, but if it prints 260will run on. Usually, assuming the package is built to be run on the
261_same_ architectures, `configure' can figure that out, but if it prints
128a message saying it can not guess the host type, give it the 262a message saying it cannot guess the machine type, give it the
129`--host=TYPE' option. TYPE can either be a short name for the system 263`--build=TYPE' option. TYPE can either be a short name for the system
130type, such as `sun4', or a canonical name with three fields: 264type, such as `sun4', or a canonical name which has the form:
265
131 CPU-COMPANY-SYSTEM 266 CPU-COMPANY-SYSTEM
132 267
268where SYSTEM can have one of these forms:
269
270 OS
271 KERNEL-OS
272
133See the file `config.sub' for the possible values of each field. If 273 See the file `config.sub' for the possible values of each field. If
134`config.sub' isn't included in this package, then this package doesn't 274`config.sub' isn't included in this package, then this package doesn't
135need to know the host type. 275need to know the machine type.
136 276
137 If you are building compiler tools for cross-compiling, you can also 277 If you are _building_ compiler tools for cross-compiling, you should
138use the `--target=TYPE' option to select the type of system they will 278use the option `--target=TYPE' to select the type of system they will
139produce code for and the `--build=TYPE' option to select the type of 279produce code for.
140system on which you are compiling the package. 280
281 If you want to _use_ a cross compiler, that generates code for a
282platform different from the build platform, you should specify the
283"host" platform (i.e., that on which the generated programs will
284eventually be run) with `--host=TYPE'.
141 285
142Sharing Defaults 286Sharing Defaults
143================ 287================
144 288
145 If you want to set default values for `configure' scripts to share, 289 If you want to set default values for `configure' scripts to share,
148`configure' looks for `PREFIX/share/config.site' if it exists, then 292`configure' looks for `PREFIX/share/config.site' if it exists, then
149`PREFIX/etc/config.site' if it exists. Or, you can set the 293`PREFIX/etc/config.site' if it exists. Or, you can set the
150`CONFIG_SITE' environment variable to the location of the site script. 294`CONFIG_SITE' environment variable to the location of the site script.
151A warning: not all `configure' scripts look for a site script. 295A warning: not all `configure' scripts look for a site script.
152 296
153Operation Controls 297Defining Variables
154================== 298==================
299
300 Variables not defined in a site shell script can be set in the
301environment passed to `configure'. However, some packages may run
302configure again during the build, and the customized values of these
303variables may be lost. In order to avoid this problem, you should set
304them in the `configure' command line, using `VAR=value'. For example:
305
306 ./configure CC=/usr/local2/bin/gcc
307
308causes the specified `gcc' to be used as the C compiler (unless it is
309overridden in the site shell script).
310
311Unfortunately, this technique does not work for `CONFIG_SHELL' due to
312an Autoconf bug. Until the bug is fixed you can use this workaround:
313
314 CONFIG_SHELL=/bin/bash /bin/bash ./configure CONFIG_SHELL=/bin/bash
315
316`configure' Invocation
317======================
155 318
156 `configure' recognizes the following options to control how it 319 `configure' recognizes the following options to control how it
157operates. 320operates.
158 321
322`--help'
323`-h'
324 Print a summary of all of the options to `configure', and exit.
325
326`--help=short'
327`--help=recursive'
328 Print a summary of the options unique to this package's
329 `configure', and exit. The `short' variant lists options used
330 only in the top level, while the `recursive' variant lists options
331 also present in any nested packages.
332
333`--version'
334`-V'
335 Print the version of Autoconf used to generate the `configure'
336 script, and exit.
337
159`--cache-file=FILE' 338`--cache-file=FILE'
160 Use and save the results of the tests in FILE instead of 339 Enable the cache: use and save the results of the tests in FILE,
161 `./config.cache'. Set FILE to `/dev/null' to disable caching, for 340 traditionally `config.cache'. FILE defaults to `/dev/null' to
162 debugging `configure'. 341 disable caching.
163 342
164`--help' 343`--config-cache'
165 Print a summary of the options to `configure', and exit. 344`-C'
345 Alias for `--cache-file=config.cache'.
166 346
167`--quiet' 347`--quiet'
168`--silent' 348`--silent'
169`-q' 349`-q'
170 Do not print messages saying which checks are being made. To 350 Do not print messages saying which checks are being made. To
173 353
174`--srcdir=DIR' 354`--srcdir=DIR'
175 Look for the package's source code in directory DIR. Usually 355 Look for the package's source code in directory DIR. Usually
176 `configure' can determine that directory automatically. 356 `configure' can determine that directory automatically.
177 357
178`--version' 358`--prefix=DIR'
179 Print the version of Autoconf used to generate the `configure' 359 Use DIR as the installation prefix. *note Installation Names::
180 script, and exit. 360 for more details, including other options available for fine-tuning
361 the installation locations.
181 362
363`--no-create'
364`-n'
365 Run the configure checks, but stop before creating any output
366 files.
367
182`configure' also accepts some other, not widely useful, options. 368`configure' also accepts some other, not widely useful, options. Run
369`configure --help' for more details.
370

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